{"id":488,"date":"2021-12-31T04:18:53","date_gmt":"2021-12-31T04:18:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/?p=488"},"modified":"2021-12-31T04:37:02","modified_gmt":"2021-12-31T04:37:02","slug":"pinghednsqingqiubao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/index.php\/2021\/12\/31\/pinghednsqingqiubao\/","title":{"rendered":"Ping\u548cDns\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u5199\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u5728\u7528dirsearch\u65f6\uff0cdirsearch\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230dns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673aping\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5ping\u901a<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"#anchor1\">Ping\u547d\u4ee4<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"#anchor2\">ICMP<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"#anchor3\">DNS\u548cPing<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"archor1\">Ping\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4e86\u89e3ping\u4e4b\u524d\u8981\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0bICMP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aping \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e&nbsp;ICMP\u534f\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor2\">ICMP\uff08<strong>Internet Control Message Protocol<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u63a7\u5236\u62a5\u6587\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP\u62a5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4 IP \u5305\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u9001\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u53d1\u9001\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d IP \u5305\u88ab\u5e9f\u5f03\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u6539\u5584\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u3002\uff08\u56e0\u4e3aIP\u534f\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e22\u5305\u4e86\uff0cIP\u534f\u8bae\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u77e5\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u662f\u5426\u4e22\u5305\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e22\u5305\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff09\u5728IP\u901a\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2aIP\u5305\u56e0\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u672a\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5c06<strong>\u7531 ICMP \u8d1f\u8d23\u901a\u77e5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>ICMP\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u534f\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4eba\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u628a\u4ed6\u5f52\u7c7b\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u534f\u8bae<\/li><li>ICMP\u53ea\u80fd\u642d\u914dIPV4\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662fIPV6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u662f\u7528ICMPV6<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ICMP \u5305<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u5728 IP \u5305\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/ICMP2.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/ICMP2.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-491\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/div><figcaption>\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/qq_24846887\/article\/details\/110951587\">ICMP\u5305\u6587\u6d45\u6790_C_HW\u7684\u535a\u5ba2<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/image-13.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"503\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/image-13.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-492\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/div><figcaption>request<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/image-14.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"672\" height=\"522\" data-original=\"http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/image-14.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-493\"  sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/div><figcaption>response<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>ICMP \u5305\u5934\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u67e5\u8be2\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\u300d<\/li><li>\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u901a\u77e5\u51fa\u9519\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\u300d<\/li><li>0\uff1a\u56de\u9001\u5e94\u7b54                              \u67e5\u8be2\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>3\uff1a\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe                          \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b           <\/li><li>4\uff1a\u539f\u70b9\u6291\u5236                              \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>5\uff1a\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6216\u6539\u53d8\u8def\u7531               \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>8\uff1a\u56de\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42                              \u67e5\u8be2\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>9\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u516c\u544a                          \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>10\uff1a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42                        \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>11\uff1a\u8d85\u65f6                                   \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>17\uff1a\u5730\u5740\u5b50\u7f51\u8bf7\u6c42                    \u67e5\u8be2\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><li>18\uff1a\u5730\u5740\u5b50\u7f51\u5e94\u7b54                    \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u56de\u9001\u6d88\u606f(\u4ee5ping\u4e3a\u4f8b) \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 0 \u548c 8\uff1a<ul><li>\u56de\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6216\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u6240\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5230\u8fbe\u5bf9\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6d88\u606f\uff0c ping \u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/li><li>\u76f8\u6bd4\u539f\u751f\u7684 ICMP\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u591a\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a<\/li><\/ul><ul><li>\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff1a\u7528\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1 ICMP \u5305\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b PID \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff1b<\/li><li>\u5e8f\u53f7\uff1a\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u4ece 0 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6bcf\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u56de\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31\u4f1a\u52a0 1 \uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e22<br>\u5931\u3002<\/li><li>\u5728\u9009\u9879\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\uff0c ping \u8fd8\u4f1a\u5b58\u653e\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u503c\uff0c\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f80\u8fd4\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u8def\u7a0b\u7684\u957f\u77ed\u3002<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684 ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<ol><li>\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u6d88\u606f \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b \u4e3a 3<\/li><li>\u539f\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u6d88\u606f \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 4<\/li><li>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 5<\/li><li>\u8d85\u65f6\u6d88\u606f \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 11<\/li><\/ol><\/li><li>\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u6d88\u606f\uff08Destination Unreachable Message\uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a 3\uff1a<ul><li>IP \u8def\u7531\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06 IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u7ed9\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684 ICMP \u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728 ICMP \u5305\u5934\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li><li>\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6839\u636e ICMP \u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u6b64\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u539f\u56e0\u3002<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/iwehdio.gitee.io\/img\/my-img\/21-01\/image-20201231205547507.png\" alt=\"image-20201231205547507\"><\/li><li>\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a 0\uff1a<ul><li>IP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u5206\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u53f7\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8868\u5339\u914d\u4e0d\u5230\u63a5\u6536\u65b9 IP \u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53f7\uff0c\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\uff08 Network Unreachable \uff09\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u544a\u77e5\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li><li>\u81ea\u4ece\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u7c7b\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u4e5f\u6e10\u6e10\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a 1\uff1a<ul><li>\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u4ee5\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe<br>\uff08 Host Unreachable \uff09\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u544a\u77e5\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a 2\uff1a<ul><li>\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528 TCP \u534f\u8bae\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u7aef\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5df2\u7ecf\u7981\u6b62 TCP \u534f\u8bae\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u4ee5\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u544a\u77e5\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a 3\uff1a<ul><li>\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a 8080 \u7aef\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u4e86\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u5bf9\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76d1\u542c 8080 \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u4ee5\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u544a\u77e5\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li><li><strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7247\u4f46\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e0d\u5206\u7247\u4f4d\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a 4\uff1a<ul><li>\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06 IP \u9996\u90e8\u7684\u5206\u7247\u7981\u6b62\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1 \u3002\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u9014\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u7531<br>\u5668\u9047\u5230\u8d85\u8fc7 MTU \u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u7247\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u629b\u5f03\u3002<\/li><li>\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u6d88\u606f\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a 4 \u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u544a\u77e5\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><strong>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u662f\u7f51\u7edc0\u3001\u4e3b\u673a1\u3001\u534f\u8bae2\u3001\u7aef\u53e33\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56db\u4e2a\u5565\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u5565\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6570\u636e\u5206\u72474\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8d85\u8fc7MTU\u5927\u5c0f\u8981\u5206\u7247\u3002<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u539f\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u6d88\u606f\uff08ICMP Source Quench Message\uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 4\uff1a<ul><li>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4e\u901f\u5e7f\u57df\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5 WAN \u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u5835\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002ICMP \u539f\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f13\u548c\u8fd9\u79cd\u62e5\u5835\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li><li>\u5f53\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5411\u4f4e\u901f\u7ebf\u8def\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u961f\u5217\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u53d8\u4e3a\u96f6\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001\u51fa\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411 IP \u5305\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u539f\u70b9\u6291\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li><li>\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u501f\u6b64\u4e86\u89e3\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7ebf\u8def\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5904\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u62e5\u5835\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5927 IP \u5305\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u5835\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li><li><strong>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd ICMP \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\u3002<\/li><li><strong>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6536\u7684\u5305\u592a\u591a\u4e86\u5b58\u4e0d\u4e0b\u4e86\uff0c\u53eb\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u6162\u70b9<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u53d1\u592a\u591a\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u4e86\u3002<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f\uff08ICMP Redirect Message\uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 5\uff1a<ul><li>\u5982\u679c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53d1\u73b0\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u300c\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f18\u300d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li><li>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6301\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 ICMP \u6d88\u606f\u544a\u77e5\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u4e0b\u6b21\u53d1\u7ed9\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3002<\/li><li><strong>\u6362\u6761\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u8d85\u65f6\u6d88\u606f\uff08ICMP Time Exceeded Message\uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u7c7b\u578b 11\uff1a<ul><li>IP \u5305\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u53eb\u505a TTL \uff08 Time To Live \uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u5468\u671f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u968f\u7740\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u51cf1\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u51cf\u5230 0 \u65f6\u8be5 IP \u5305\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/li><li>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u8d85\u65f6\u6d88\u606f\u7ed9\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u77e5\u8be5\u5305\u5df2\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/li><li>\u8bbe\u7f6e IP \u5305\u751f\u5b58\u5468\u671f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u8def\u7531\u63a7\u5236\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u51b5\u65f6\uff0c\u907f\u514d IP \u5305\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u5730\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u88ab\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/li><li>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 TTL \u63a7\u5236\u5305\u7684\u5230\u8fbe\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684 TTL \u503c\u3002<\/li><li>\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u70b9<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nokws.top\/index.php\/2021\/12\/31\/traceroutemingling\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">traceroute\u547d\u4ee4<\/a><\/strong>\u3002<strong>\uff08\u4e0b\u9762\u5b57\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8df3\u8fc7\u770b\u603b\u7ed3\uff09<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u8fc7\u7a0b<strong>\u5b57\u592a\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b<\/strong><ol><li><strong>traceroute\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06TTL\u521d\u59cb\u8bbe\u4e3a1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0eping\u76f8\u540c\u7684ICMP\u56de\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u5305\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9014\u5f84\u8def\u7531\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u8d85\u65f6\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u6b21TTL\u52a0\u4e00\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u6b21\u8def\u7531\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8d85\u65f6\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u77e5\u9053\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u7531\u94fe\u8def<\/strong><\/li><li><strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528UDP\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0bDNS\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"anchor3\">DNS\u548cPing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u5462\u3002\u770b\u4e86\u4e9b\u8d44\u6599\uff0cdns\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cping\u4e5f\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0cdns\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u548cping\u53c8\u4e0d\u540c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>ping\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684icmp\u534f\u8bae\uff0cdns\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u56de\u5230\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48ping\u901a\u4e86\uff0cdns\u8bf7\u6c42\u5374\u5931\u6548\u4e86\uff1f\u53ef\u80fd\u662fdns\u8bf7\u6c42\u88abdns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f53\u505a\u566a\u58f0\uff0c\u800cping\u662f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684icmp\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u7981\u3002\u5728\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u7528\u7981\u6b62ip\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5462\uff1f\u5982\u679cdns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u7981\u6b62ip\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48dns\u8bf7\u6c42\u548cping\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u4f7f\u7528dns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9632\u5fa1\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4e86\u5427\u3002dns\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f53\u505a\u566a\u58f0\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u53c8\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5dns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzUxODAzNDg4NQ==&amp;mid=2247483999&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=63825d7e7a94c0e03f8f250bbae3e88e&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect\">\u542c\u8bf4\u4f60 ping \u7528\u7684\u5f88 6 \uff1f\u7ed9\u6211\u56fe\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b ping \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff01 (qq.com)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/t.zoukankan.com\/iwehdio-p-14231935.html\">ping\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u7a0b &#8211; \u8d70\u770b\u770b (zoukankan.com)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/qq_31967569\/article\/details\/90673732?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522164066075416780265453824%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.130102334.pc%255Fall.%2522%257D&amp;request_id=164066075416780265453824&amp;biz_id=0&amp;utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~all~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm-1-90673732.pc_search_result_cache&amp;utm_term=ICMP&amp;spm=1018.2226.3001.4187\">(46\u6761\u6d88\u606f) \u5b8c\u5168\u7406\u89e3icmp\u534f\u8bae_\u563f\u563f-CSDN\u535a\u5ba2_icmp<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5199\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u5728\u7528dirsearch\u65f6\uff0cdirsearch\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230dns\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673aping\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5 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